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Meds That Treat Anxiety

Anxiety is among the most frequent mental health problems which affects more than 40 million people in the United States. Many types of medications are available to treat anxiety.

SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and SNRIs (serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), like Zoloft, Prozac, Lexapro and Effexor, work to alleviate anxiety by raising levels of the chemical serotonin in the brain. In contrast to benzodiazepines, they're addictive.

SSRIs

The most commonly used anxiety medications are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro) and fluoxetine (Prozac). These drugs can also be used to treat depression as well as relieve symptoms of anxiety disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder. They may take up to a month before they begin to work.

They work by increasing the amount of certain chemical messengers within the brain, including serotonin and norepinephrine. These are typically the first choice to treat anxiety, although doctors may also prescribe other types of antidepressants, also known as benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants, such as duloxetine (Cymbalta) and venlafaxine, (Effexor) are also used for anxiety. They are a bit different from SSRIs because they decrease norepinephrine, but at a lower degree than SSRIs. These medications take a lengthy time to be effective and are more expensive than SSRIs.

Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like imipramine (Tofranil), can be effective in treating some anxiety disorders, including GAD. However, their drowsiness and other side effects make them less well-known. Another type of antidepressant, monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can be used to treat anxiety. Their high risk of toxicity and the restriction on dietary intake make them unsuitable for use.

Benzodiazepines can be used combat panic attacks and anxiety treatment types in the short-term in the meantime, while waiting for SSRIs and SNRIs. These medications can cause dependence to tolerance, sedation, and dependence and withdrawal symptoms such as a rebound anxiety, depression, and delirium. Benzodiazepines can be found in alprazolam, clonazepam, as well as lorazepam.

Therapy is a vital part of any anxiety treatment plan. It aids you in better be aware of your symptoms and causes. Many people find that medication and therapy help them to cope. Certain studies have demonstrated that cognitive behavioral therapy can be just as effective as medications for anxiety. Consult your physician to find out what's right for you.

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines can have a calming effect they reduce anxiety and relax muscles that are tight. They also reduce symptoms of bodily arousal due to fear (like heart rate, trembling and trembling) and help promote sleep.

They function by binding to inhibitory neurons, for example GABA or gamma aminobutryic acids and bind to receptors in the central nervous system. They boost the effects of GABA by facilitating the inhibitory effect of GABA on other neurotransmitters, and reducing the number of messages sent to the amygdala. It is a part of the brain which assesses threats and creates a sense of anxiety.

These drugs can be used for short periods of time like when panic attacks occur or if you are experiencing severe anxiety. They can help ease symptoms within 30 to 90 minutes of taking them. Benzodiazepines are, in contrast to SSRIs do not stay in the body for a long time. They are fast-acting and often work in a matter of hours, making them ideal for situations when immediate relief is required (like during an airplane flight or prior to giving an address in public).

They can be addictive, so people are generally only prescribed them for a maximum of 4 weeks at one time. After that time, they also become less effective.

One of the reasons why benzodiazepines are so well-known is that they are safe and have fewer negative effects compared to predecessors like barbiturates and meprobamate. They are effective and have a rapid start, and can be used as anxiolytics in order to reduce anxiety. They can also be employed as sedatives, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants.

Benzos were blamed for negative attitudes towards anxiety treatment medicines that developed in the 1970s and 80s, including the minimization of the disorder, and the perception that benzodiazepine therapies lead to physical dependence. Despite this they play a significant role in the treatment of anxiety disorders, specifically in combination with psychosocial interventions like cognitive behavioral therapy and interpersonal therapy.

Benzos may interact with other medications and trigger undesirable side effects such as drowsiness and disorientation. It is important to inform your doctor about any prescription, nonprescription or herbal treatment for anxiety medicines you are currently taking or are planning to take. Check the British National Formulary A to Z list of interactions with medications to determine which medications are safe when taken with benzodiazepines.

Antidepressants

Antidepressants can ease anxiety and other mental health conditions. According to the Anxiety and Depression Association of America, antidepressants -- like SSRIs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) -- can help reduce chronic anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), panic disorders and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The FDA has approved antidepressants for other health issues, such as eating disorders, bipolar disorder and certain types of pain.

SSRIs are usually prescribed as a first-line treatment for anxiety by doctors, but they might not be effective for everyone. If these antidepressants aren't working the doctor might suggest an older type known as a tetracyclic or tricyclic antidepressant. These include amitriptyline and nortriptyline and Clomipramine. These antidepressants are not as popular but still accessible. You may also ask your doctor to prescribe the sedating antidepressant, trazodone(Desyrel), at lower doses in case you are having sleep problems or anxiety.

Nefazodone, also known as Ferdinand (Cymbalta), and duloxetine can also be helpful. They are also available in generic forms. If they aren't working, your physician may suggest the tranquilizing antidepressant mirtazapine (Remeron) or the antipsychotics quetiapine or olanzapine.

Other medications for untreated anxiety disorders include beta blockers that reduce the heart rate and blood pressure by blocking the actions of adrenaline. These medications aren't typically used to treat anxiety by themselves however they can be helpful when paired with psychotherapy.

Psychological therapy can help you overcome negative thoughts and behaviours that contribute to your anxiety. It can teach you to control your anxiety and learn how to cope. Depending on your condition, you might be treated with cognitive behavioural therapy or exposure therapy. Cognitive behavioural therapy assists you to learn to challenge unhelpful, fearful thoughts and overcome the fear of situations that cause your anxiety. Exposure therapy involves gradually increasing the severity of anxiety-inducing situations until you can cope with them. This can be done in a single session or in smaller groups. In both instances, results will take time to manifest. A combination of medication and psychotherapy therapy is the best choice for certain people. However, others discover that medications alone are sufficient to control their symptoms. It's crucial to tell your doctor about the things you're doing to control your symptoms.

Other Medical Treatments

Other medications can aid in relieving your symptoms. Beta blockers, antihistamines, and buspirone are often prescribed to reduce anxiety.

These medications can help alleviate your symptoms by lowering or blocking the signals that trigger stress and fear. They're not a cure-all. You'll still need to do other things to control anxiety, such as exercises or relaxation techniques, as well as psychotherapy.

Your doctor might initially prescribe one of the "first choice" anxiety medications, which include SSRIs and SNRIs. They are the most effective drugs for treating anxiety disorders according to research studies. SSRIs are commonly found in sertraline (Zoloft) as well as fluoxetine, citalopram, and escitalopram. These medications may cause mild side effects like nausea and insomnia, but they usually disappear within 4-8 weeks. They are not addictive, and they do not increase the risk of suicidal ideas.

The benzodiazepines alprazolam (Xanax), clonazepam (Klonopin), and diazepoxide (Valium) provide immediate relief for panic attacks and anxiety, but they can have side effects, including dizziness, drowsiness, memory and coordination issues, as well as dependence. They're not as popular over the more traditional barbiturates but they're just as efficient.

Antihistamines, like Vistaril (hydroxyzine), were developed to relieve allergies however, they're also used to reduce anxiety symptoms. Hydroxyzine can have a calming effect because it blocks histamine receptors. It is not a controlled substance and therefore does not carry the same addiction risks as benzodiazepines.

Another type of medication that may help with anxiety is a class of medications known as anticonvulsants. They have been shown to ease anxiety by inhibiting the production and release of dopamine and serotonin. They can be prescribed in combination with other drugs or as a temporary treatment for anxiety. Your doctor will review your health history and symptoms to determine if these medicines are suitable for you. They will also discuss the duration of time you'll need to take these medicines and any potential side effects that may occur. Anxiety medications can only be purchased with a prescription, so you'll have to see a psychiatrist to get them.